Tag: Economic Development

Outline of an Islamic Fiscal Policy

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Regarding taxation, Islam has laid out clear guidelines: not only is excessive taxation sinful, but even when collecting taxes even from non-Muslims, there should be no element of hardship. For example, Urwah ibn Zubayr narrated that Hisham ibn Hakeem (RA) once saw a tax collector in Homs mistreating some Christian Copts by making them stand under the sun while collecting Jizya. He objected, citing the Prophet Muhammad (PBUH) who said: “Allah will punish those who torment people in this world” (Sunan Abi Dawood 3045).

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Islamic Financial Inclusion and Economic Growth in OIC Countries: Panel Quantile Regression Analysis

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The authors argue that by expanding the network of Islamic banks and enhancing the technological infrastructure for financial access, policymakers can harness the transformative potential of Islamic finance to promote sustainable economic growth and development in the OIC countries. The authors urge policymakers to prioritize initiatives aimed at expanding the network of Islamic banks and enhancing technological infrastructure for financial access.

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Highlights of Global Hunger Index 2024

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In South Asia, serious hunger reflects rising undernourishment and persistently high child under nutrition, driven by poor diet quality, economic challenges, and the increasing impact of natural disasters. The goal of Zero Hunger by 2030 now appears unreachable, and if progress remains at the pace observed since the 2016 global GHI score, the world will not reach even low hunger until 2160 more than 130 years from now.

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Theories of Economic Development and Islamic Economics

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In Harrod (1939)-Domer (1946) and Solow’s Growth model, the emphasis is on increasing savings and investments and that is supposed to lead to increased productivity corresponding to lower Incremental capital output (ICOR) ratio in Harrod (1939)-Domer (1946) model and hence higher rate of growth and to higher steady state level of output in Solow’s Growth model. Savings that result in investments contribute to growth. Essentially, what leads to growth is investment. Savings are only the source of investment funds.

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Why Nations Fail

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Authors argue that some nations are wealthier and more prosperous than others because of their political and economic institutions (e.g. government, market system). Good (inclusive) institutions enable investment and a sense of security in the government and the economic system and so nations prosper, but bad (extractive) institutions do not. Virtuous circles of innovation, expansion and peace are formed from inclusive institutions which form a cycle of increasing prosperity. Prof. Acemoglu and Prof. Robinson argue that exclusionary policies designed to enrich the elites and exploit the poor majority have prevented technological innovation, as the existing elites fought tooth and nail against anything that might endanger their privileges.

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Highlights of Financing for Sustainable Development Report 2024

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Financing is crucial for achieving the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) because it enables countries to invest in the infrastructure, programs, and services necessary to achieve the goals. Without sufficient financing, countries may struggle to make progress towards the SDGs. The United Nations estimates that achieving the SDGs will require an additional $2.5 trillion in annual investment until 2030. Due to misaligned incentives, both public and private actors still invest in brown activities and have not yet fully aligned their decision-making and financing with the SDGs.

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Is Islam the Cause of Underdevelopment

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Abbas Mirakhor and Hossein Askari write that the claims of any society to call itself Islamic must be validated by the existence and effective operations of the institutional structure (rules of behavior). They opine that in today’s Muslim societies, the core elements of the institutional structure that would designate a system as Islamic are, by and large, notable for their absence.

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